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  1. #8
    Al-khiyal is online now Super Moderator
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    This week's US decision to create a new Pentagon command covering Africa, known as Africom, has a certain unlovely military logic. Like Roman emperors of old, Washington's Caesars arbitrarily divide much of the world into Middle Eastern, European and Pacific domains. Now it is Africa's turn.

    Practical more than imperial considerations dictated the White House move. With Gulf of Guinea countries including Nigeria and Angola projected to provide a quarter of US oil imports within a decade, with Islamist terrorism worries in the Sahel and Horn of Africa, and with China prowling for resources and markets, the US plainly feels a second wind of change is blowing, necessitating increased leverage.

    Africom's advent also follows a pattern of extraordinary military expansion under President George Bush, not all of which is explained by 9/11. The American military-industrial complex that so troubled Dwight Eisenhower in 1961 has morphed into a boom business with truly global reach. It makes China's business-oriented People's Liberation Army look like a corner shop.

    The Pentagon's total budget requests for the fiscal year ending September 2008 have swollen to $716.5bn (£366bn). That is more than double Clinton-era spending. In contrast, Russia will spend $31bn on defence this year and China, according to the International Institute for Strategic Studies, an estimated $87bn. With Mr Bush as head of the police academy, the US is becoming, de facto, the self-appointed global policeman it said it never wanted to be.

    In Africa as elsewhere, this could have the unintended effect of creating US-secured regions that are safe for rival countries to do business in - and exploit. Beijing, for example, has cause to be thankful. Sino-African trade, boosted by the grand continental progress of President Hu Jintao this week, has risen from about $3bn in 1995 to $55.5bn last year, according to the independent Power and Interest News Report. And Chinese political cooperation is also growing, not only with "rogue regimes" such as Sudan and Zimbabwe but with more mainstream governments, potentially undercutting US-promoted governance and democracy standards.

    At the same time, there are arguably too strict limits on what the new command will actually do. Africom will advance "our common goals of peace, security, development, health, education, democracy and economic growth", Mr Bush said. But officials say that will not involve the stationing of extra combat troops. Nor will it mean US soldiers reinforcing stretched UN and African Union peacekeeping forces in Congo, Somalia or Darfur.

    In practice much of Africom's work is likely to involve oversight of already extensive, US-funded African capacity-building programmes, including good governance-related assistance schemes and training of security forces. In many ways it may be modelled on the Horn of Africa taskforce set up in Djibouti after 9/11. Like smaller US military units working in Rwanda, Botswana and Liberia, the taskforce undertakes humanitarian and infrastructure projects including, recently, the collation of Somali folk tales.

    But like Africom, the Djibouti base's raison d'etre remains American security and counter-terrorism, as seen in its training of Ethiopian troops and its air and sea support for the recent Ethiopian intervention in Somalia against Islamist militants. By coordinating and expanding similar operations, such as US special forces in Algeria and the 10-country Trans-Saharan Counter-Terrorism Partnership, Africom marks the official arrival of America's "global war on terror" on the African continent. It is a wonder it took so long.

    U.S. moves in on Africa

  2. #9
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    dimanche 25 fevrier 2007 - - La sous-sécrétaire d’Etat américaine pour la diplomatie publique, Mme Karen Hughes, a déclaré, hier à Alger, à l’issue de sa rencontre avec le ministre des Affaires étrangères, M. Mohamed Bedjaoui, que le projet de création d’un commandement chargé de l’Afrique au Pentagone permettra aux Etats-Unis «d’être plus efficaces et d’avoir un travail de proximité avec les peuples africains».

    La décision du président américain de mettre en place ce commandement régional chargé de l’Afrique (Africom) avait été annoncée le 6 février dernier par le secrétaire américain à la défense, Robert Gates. Sa mise en place devrait intervenir à l’automne 2008, mais l’on ignore encore où il sera implanté.

    Lors de sa visite, Mme Hughes a qualifié d’excellente la coopération algéro-américaine dans les domaines de la sécurité, de l’économie et de l’éducation, mais l’on croit savoir qu’en dépit des sollicitations américaines, l’Algérie aurait décliné l’offre pour abriter le siège de ce commandement puisqu’elle a de tout temps refusé que des forces étrangères s’installent sur ses terres ou de faire participer ses forces militaires à des interventions à l’extérieur du pays.

    Outre l’Algérie, d’autres pays comme le Niger, le Mali, la Mauritanie, l’Egypte et le Kenya ont été approchés par les Etats-Unis qui pourraient, dit-on, se rabattre sur le Mali ou le Niger pour installer le siège de l’Africom. Hier, Mme Hugues a précisé que «l’Afrique et l’Afrique du Nord sont des régions très importantes et l’Africom nous permet de nous rapprocher et d’avoir une meilleure interactivité avec les populations de ces régions».

    L’objectif de l’Africom sera, selon le sous-secrétaire adjoint du Pentagone aux affaires politiques, Ryan Henry, «de réduire les conflits, d’améliorer la sécurité, de vaincre ou d’empêcher le développement de réseaux terroristes et de soutenir la réaction aux crises».

    Jusqu’à présent, trois commandements régionaux partagent la responsabilité de l’Afrique, à savoir le commandement central (Centcom), qui supervise le Moyen-Orient et qui a la responsabilité de la Corne de l’Afrique, le commandement pour le Pacifique, qui se charge de Madagascar, et celui pour l’Europe, qui s’occupe de la plus grande partie de l’Afrique.


  3. #10
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    On February 7, George Bush announced the formation of AFRICOM, a new Pentagon command which will, under the pretext of the so-called "Global War On Terror", plan and execute its oil and resource wars on the African continent. What does this mean to African Americans? And to Africans?

    The Pentagon does not admit that a ring of permanent US military bases is operating or under construction throughout Africa. But nobody doubts the American military buildup on the African continent is well underway. From oil rich northern Angola up to Nigeria, from the Gulf of Guinea to Morocco and Algeria, from the Horn of Africa down to Kenya and Uganda, and over the pipeline routes from Chad to Cameroon in the west, and from Sudan to the Red Sea in the east, US admirals and generals have been landing and taking off, meeting with local officials. They've conducted feasibility studies, concluded secret agreements, and spent billions from their secret budgets.

    Their new bases are not bases at all, according to US military officials. They are instead "forward staging depots", and "seaborne truck stops" for the equipment which American land forces need to operate on the African continent. They are "protected anchorages" and offshore "lily pads" from which they intend to fight the next round of oil and resource wars, and lock down Africa's oil and mineral wealth for decades to come.

    Chicago's Prexy Nesbitt, one of the architects of the US anti-apartheid movement in the 1970s and ‘80s spoke about the importance to Africans and African Americans of George Bush's February 7 announcement of AFRICOM, the new Pentagon command for the African continent:

    It means a tremendous amount to Africans, because African people, from working people to university elites all follow very closely everything that the US government does wherever it does it in the world. ...More and more African Americans in the US are following carefully what's the US is doing in Africa, but not enough... What we're seeing (is) ... a US military penetration of the African continent and that this penetration is... motivated by the US quest... for new sources of oil and other minerals.

    In other words, it's about the oil. And the diamonds, and the uranium, and the coltan. But mostly about the oil. West Africa alone sits atop 15% of the world's oil, and by 2015 is projected to supply a up to a quarter of US domestic consumption. Most oil from Saudi Arabia and the Middle East winds up in Europe, Japan, China or India. Increasingly it's African oil that keeps the US running.

    A foretaste of American plans for African people and resources in the new century can be seen in Eastern Nigeria. US and multinational oil companies like Shell, BP, and Chevron, which once named a tanker after its board member Condoleezza Rice, have ruthlessly plundered the Niger delta for a generation. Where once there were poor but self-sufficient people with rich farmland and fisheries, there is now an unfolding ecological collapse of horrifying dimensions in which the land, air and water are increasingly unable to sustain human life, but the region's people have no place else to go.

    Twenty percent of Nigerian children die before the age of 5, according to the World Bank. Hundreds of billions of dollars worth of oil have been extracted from the Niger Delta, according to Amnesty International in 2005.

    [But its inhabitants] remain among the most deprived oil communities in the world - 70 per cent live on less than US$1 a day. In spite of its windfall gains, as global oil prices have more than doubled in the last two years, the Nigerian government has failed to provide services, infrastructure or jobs in the region.

    In a typical gesture of disregard for local black lives and livelihoods, the natural gas which sits atop many oil deposits but is more expensive to capture and process than petroleum is simply burned off or flared at African wellheads. Throughout the 1990s it is estimated that 29 million cubic feet per day of Nigerian natural gas was disposed of in this manner. Many of the flares, according to local Niger delta residents, have burned continuously for more than twenty years, creating a toxic climate of acid fogs and rains, depositing layers of soot and chemicals that stunt or kill ocean and riverine fish and livestock, and poison the few surviving crops. For this reason, flaring at oil wells has long been outlawed in the US. But many African communities near the mouth of one of the planet's largest rivers are now entirely dependent on water trucked in from outside.

    According to Dr. Nesbitt:

    Years ago people from the then American Committee on Africa brought back slide footage which showed... people living in oil mud slime fields, drinking water that's made up of oil slime. It was just [an] extraordinarily frightening situation... As far as we know not much has changed [in about 15 years] except that [now] there is a movement for justice taking place. But the United States military command has indicated, has partnered up really, with the Obasanjo government... to try to control that justice movement. Some very explicit comments have been made by US military people; they will be prepared militarily to move into that arena... securing that oil source for the United States.

    Local Africans are demanding respect and a share in what is after all, their oil. They are now routinely, viciously suppressed in eastern Nigeria, in Equatorial Guinea and elsewhere, by African troops trained and equipped with American tax dollars. When resistance continues, as it certainly will, America is preparing to up the ante with more American equipment, with military and civilian advisers, with bombs, bullets and if need be, with American bodies. That's what AFRICOM is about, and what it will be doing in the new century.....

  4. #11
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    continued.....

    Empire in Africa: A business opportunity for Black Americans?

    Doug Lyons, an African American columnist at the Orlando Sun-Sentinel is one of those ugly black Americans who see, in the ratcheting up of merciless exploitation of humanity's motherland, great career and business opportunities for a few black henchmen and women:

    AFRICOM shouldn't be shunned as another appendage of our nation's military industrial complex, even though it is. It also offers a unique opportunity for black America.

    There's potential for those individuals who have interest in African and African-American heritages to become more knowledgeable about Africa, and its links to the United States.

    That knowledge should lead to better cultural understanding and greater business opportunities for blacks on both sides of the Atlantic, in addition to expanded opportunities for African-Americans in world trade and the diplomatic corps . . . .

    Imagine the possibilities. The vehicle is about to be put in place, and for a select few, the chance will come to make even more black history.

    AFRICOM will indeed open new vistas for a handful of qualified black Americans in the corporate, military and intelligence establishments.


    The imaginative need look no further than GoodWorks International, the business consulting firm founded by former Atlanta mayor, UN ambassador and colleague of Dr. Martin Luther King, Andrew Young. GoodWorks is making black history indeed, along with buckets of cash from clients like Barrick Gold, a Bush-connected operation whose Congolese mines help fuel a bloody civil war with 5 million dead and counting so far. Young's firm enjoys intimate and lucrative connections with the shadowy Maurice Templesman, a prominent figure in the trade of African blood diamonds for decades. It's the registered lobbyist for the Nigerian government in Washington, and implicated in at least one money laundering scheme for Nigeria's president Obasanjo, in addition to fronting for various multinational oil and mineral companies on the African continent.

    There's an increasing number of... a class of African Americans who... feel no sense of responsibility, no shame, no ties to the continent, who are incapable of playing any kind of role. I think we see that with Condoleezza Rice. We see it even more clearly in some of the other appointments which have been recently made, like for example the new assistant secretary of state for Africa. She seems... an individual to be very concerned about given her past, and her military background, with regard to what type of role she will play in the system. So we see African Americans often emerging as functionaries of the system, the gendarmes, if you will, of the system for the recolonization of Africa both by corporate and military establishment in the United States.

    Nesbitt seems to agree with Doug Lyons, in a twisted sort of way. AFRICOM will indeed open new vistas for a handful of qualified black Americans in the corporate, military and intelligence establishments. Andy and Condi were first, but they may not be the last. There are plenty more African gold mines, oil tankers and mass graves waiting to be named after black Americans.

    We asked Dr. Nesbitt what the Congressional Black Caucus and ordinary Americans here ought to be doing to stall imminent US military intervention on the African continent:

    We need a stronger voice from the Congressional Black Caucus. It needs to become much more enraged about these developments and help to politicize and educate the masses of the black American community across the country so that we don't let this constant history of the United States [allow them to feel] that they need not worry about any ramifications... from the population that is most concerned... those of us in the African diaspora in the US. I think we are at a very important passage point with regard to the relationships of the African American community in general with the continent of Africa.

    Africa is a part of the world that has immense resources and immense riches. But . . . the history has been nothing but the capitalist system sucking Africa dry of those riches. I think that the particular challenge facing Americans - Americans who care about other human beings, who care about the planet - is what steps will they take to help African people stop this continual rape and plunder of the African continent.


    George Bush, Big Oil, Andy Young and the Pentagon are already implementing their plan for Africa. It looks like Nigeria, the classic case of a rich country full of poor people. It looks a lot like the impoverished, poisoned, festering wasteland of the Niger delta, where they've had a free hand for decades. And when Africans resist, as they surely will, the backup plan is to declare Africans who want to control their own resources "terrorists", and through AFRICOM, deploy US military might to lock down Africans and African resources. It's time for black America and the Congressional Black Caucus to take Dr. Nesbitt's advice, and come up with a couple of our own plans to end more than five hundred years of Western pillage of Africa, and to keep AFRICOM and the US military off the African continent.


  5. #12
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    ALGIERS, Algeria - The Algerian government would reject any U.S. request to set up a new military command center for Africa in Algeria, the foreign minister said Saturday.

    Foreign Minister Mohammed Bedjaoui sought to dispel speculation in Algerian media that the country could be asked to host a new U.S. command for Africa sought by President Bush.

    Algeria "won't accept military bases on its territory - no matter which country they belong to," Bedjaoui told state radio, adding that "no country has made any requests in that direction."

    If the United States were to ask for Algeria to host the command, "the response would be negative because we consider the presence of such bases on our soil incompatible with our national sovereignty and independence," he said.

    Bush has said Algeria is an ally in the U.S.-led counterterrorism effort. An Islamic militant group known as the Salafist Group for Call and Combat, which claims ties to al-Qaida, operates out of the north African country.

    Last month, Bush authorized the Pentagon to set up a new command to oversee its operations in Africa by September 2008.


  6. #13
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    Dimanche 4 mars 2007 - - L’Algérie n’a jamais accepté l’installation de bases étrangères sur son sol et n’est pas près de l’accepter, a déclaré hier le ministre des Affaires étrangères, Mohamed Bedjaoui, interviewé par la Chaîne III. «Le territoire algérien n’est pas concerné par le commandement américain projeté.

    L’Algérie n’a jamais accepté l’installation de bases étrangères sur son sol (qui seraient) incompatibles avec sa souveraineté et son indépendance», a ajouté le ministre en réaction aux spéculations sur l’accueil du siège de l’Africom, le commandement régional Maghreb-Sahel que les Etats- Unis veulent établir au sud du Sahara pour lutter contre le terrorisme.

    Pour rappel, le Jeune Indépendant a été le premier organe à avoir publié, le 3 janvier dernier, un télégramme informant qu’«Alger ne devrait pas accueillir le siège de l’Africom malgré les insistantes sollicitations des Etats-Unis».

    Baptisé Africom et indépendant de l’Eurocorp, le centre de commandement, dont le projet est en cours d’approbation par le président George W. Bush, sera chargé principalement de missions de lutte contre le terrorisme, en plus des actions classiques d’aides humanitaires.

    Grâce à la mise en place de l’Africom, les militaires américains disposeront d’un dispositif mieux organisé qui leur permettra d’opérer des actions préventives facilitant par la suite les actions politiques du gouvernement américain.

    M. Bedjaoui a par ailleurs souligné que l’Algérie «mène avec les Etats-Unis une coopération féconde, jugée profitable» en matière de lutte contre le terrorisme. Après avoir rappelé que l’Algérie avait «souffert du terrorisme qu’elle avait combattu seule et dans l’indifférence» internationale dans les années 1990, il a souligné qu’Alger appliquait une politique de solidarité dans ce domaine avec les pays touchés par le terrorisme.

    Lors d’une conférence tenue le 6 février dernier à Dakar placée sous l’égide du Partenariat transsaharien (TSCTP), les Etats-Unis avaient fait officiellement état d’un projet de création d’un commandement chargé de l’Afrique au Pentagone afin de prévenir l’implantation de groupes terroristes dans les zones transfrontalières au Sahara et au Maghreb.

    Les chefs d’état-major des armées du Tchad, du Mali, de la Mauritanie, du Maroc, du Niger, du Nigeria, du Sénégal et de la Tunisie étaient présents à la réunion de Dakar. L’Algérie était représentée par un officier de l’état-major, mais pas par le chef d’état-major de l’ANP, le général de corps d’armée Ahmed Gaïd Salah.

    La sous-secrétaire d’Etat américaine pour la diplomatie publique, Karen Hughes, avait évoqué la création de cette nouvelle structure militaire lors d’une visite à Alger, qui s’est achevée la semaine dernière. M. Bedjaoui a réitéré, hier, ce qu’il avait déjà déclaré à la sous-secrétaire d’Etat américaine, à savoir que le projet de création d’un commandement américain au sud du Sahara «est une question propre aux Etats-Unis».

    «L’Algérie n’acceptera pas l’installation d’une base étrangère sur son sol quel que soit le pays qui le lui demanderait», a souligné le ministre. UMA : l’Algérie n’est pas responsable du blocage Interrogé sur l’origine du blocage de la constriction de l’UMA, M. Bedjaoui a démenti qu’Alger soit responsable du blocage du processus de construction de l’Union du Maghreb arabe (UMA - Mauritanie, Maroc, Algérie, Tunisie, Libye).

    Le conflit du Sahara occidental n’en est pas la cause, a-t-il ajouté. «On tente de faire accréditer la thèse que c’est le problème du Sahara occidental qui entrave le processus d’édification maghrébine, or nul n’ignore que ce problème existait déjà avant la création de l’UMA en 1989 et qu’il avait été convenu, lors de la création de cet ensemble régional, de laisser à l’ONU le règlement de la question sahraouie, a ajouté le ministre.

    M. Bedjaoui a ensuite réaffirmé que l’Algérie était pour une «solution conforme à la légalité internationale et au droit à l’audotermination du peuple sahraoui» du conflit du Sahara occidental qui dure depuis 1975. «L’UMA fait partie de nos aspirations les plus profondes.

    Elle constitue un choix stratégique pour l’Algérie», a déclaré M. Bedjaoui, ajoutant que l’Algérie était parmi les pays membres de l’organisation à avoir ratifié le plus de conventions maghrébines. La constriction de l’UMA est en panne depuis 1994, date de son dernier sommet régional.

    Les cinq partenaires avaient échoué en mai 2005 dans leur tentative de tenir un sommet à Tripoli pour relancer le processus de construction maghrébine.


  7. #14
    Al-khiyal is online now Super Moderator
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    Lundi 5 mars 2007 - - Notre ministre des Affaires étrangères a fini par mettre fin aux rumeurs sur l’éventualité d’une base militaire américaine sur le sol national, récupéré au bout d’énormes sacrifices, dont la dernière vague libératrice nous a coûté 1 500 000 martyrs.

    En réalité, la mondialisation, le Grand Moyen-Orient, le bifteck de l’Oncle Sam, et toutes ces choses-là, cela a chez nous des lignes rouges qu’il serait hasardeux de franchir. «L’Algérie n’a jamais accepté l’installation de bases étrangères sur son sol», car c’est «incompatible avec notre souveraineté et notre indépendance que nous avons chèrement acquises», déclarait M. Mohamed Bedjaoui.

    C’est simple et sans ambiguïté ! Pour nous, comme pour les peuples de la région, cela ne peut être que rassurant ! Lorsqu’elle se trouvait dans le pétrin, l’Algérie n’a pas pensé à combattre le terrorisme au-delà de ses frontières sur le sol américain ou sur une quelconque autre partie du monde ! Pourquoi donc notre pays devrait-il servir d’arène à une guerre dont il n’y a que Dieu pour savoir quand elle prendra fin.

    Une guerre destinée à stopper et à fixer le terrorisme loin des Etats-unis afin que le citoyen américain continue à bénéficier d’une vie paisible, loin des incendies que ses dirigeants allument dans les continents tiers-mondistes. En Algérie, nous n’avons pas besoin de rallumer le feu, nous avons un besoin pressant de paix, d’autant que la volonté nationale privilégie les solutions qui éliminent le terrorisme pacifiquement.

    Les Algériens ont suffisamment souffert de la guerre, elle n’a fait que les affaiblir ! Ils ne vivaient que drames et destructions, leur pays, devenu aphone, ne rayonnait plus. L’Algérie faisait figure de proie facile à domestiquer.

    D’où les inquiétudes nées des rumeurs sur l’installation d’une base militaire américaine dans notre Sahara. Des inquiétudes qui traduisent, en réalité, le manque de confiance des Algériens en leurs dirigeants. Les Algériens en arrivaient à douter de la fermeté du pouvoir dans ses rapports face aux puissances étrangères.

    Il est vrai que l’Algérie, telle une vaincue, n’osait plus afficher ses positions concernant les causes sur lesquelles elle était intransigeante naguère, y compris la Palestine. Aujourd’hui, ce sont les américains qui nous font vivre un phénomène nouveau.

    Là où ils sont, le terrorisme et le pétrole avancent tels deux rails d’une même voie ferrée. Et avec les nouvelles découvertes, l’Afrique du nord s’avère être une région qui regorge de pétrole, alors que ses côtes ouest sont plus proches du continent américain que les terminaux du Proche-Orient.

    Il devient alors normal que les américains pensent à assurer la sécurité des approvisionnements. Mais Washington doit savoir qu’à l’époque la rumeur donnait la base de Mers El-Kébir comme convoitée par l’ex-URSS. Les américains doivent se souvenir qu’en revanche l’évacuation des troupes coloniales françaises s’y était faite précocement.

    De toutes façons, dans l’Algérie d’aujourd’hui, le terrorisme se fait moins tatillon : une attaque à Bouchaoui contre les intérêts américains, puis une autre à Aïn Defla contre les intérêts russes. L’équilibre y est, pourrait rétorquer M. Bedjaoui !


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